Upper altitude limit for Rayleigh lidar

Upper altitude limit for Rayleigh lidar

It has long been assumed that Rayleigh lidar can be used to measure atmospheric temperature profiles up to about 90 or 100 km and that above this region the technique becomes invalid due to changes in atmospheric composition which affect basic assumptions on which Rayleigh lidar is based. Modern powerful Rayleigh lidars are able to measure backscatter from well above 100 km requiring a closer e...

Temperature lidar measurements from 1 to 105 km altitude using resonance, Rayleigh, and Rotational Raman scattering

For the first time, three different temperature lidar methods are combined to obtain time-resolved complete temperature profiles with high altitude resolution over an altitude range from the planetary boundary layer up to the lower thermosphere (about 1–105 km). The Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) at Kühlungsborn, Germany (54 N, 12 E) operates two lidar instruments, using three d...

Mid-altitude wind measurements with mobile Rayleigh Doppler lidar incorporating system-level optical frequency control method.

A mobile Rayleigh Doppler lidar based on double-edge technique is developed for mid-altitude wind observation. To reduce the systematic error, a system-level optical frequency control method is proposed and demonstrated. The emission of the seed laser at 1064 nm is used to synchronize the FPI in the optical frequency domain. A servo loop stabilizing the frequency of the seed laser is formed by ...

Analysis on wind retrieval methods for Rayleigh Doppler lidar

An upper limit to the sodium layer longitudinal and transversal altitude structure function from MCAO data

The Gemini Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System is the first sodium-based Multi-Laser Guide Star (LGS) Adaptive Optics system used for astronomy. It uses five LGSs distributed on a 1 arcmin2 constellation to measure and compensate for atmospheric distortions. In this Letter, we use the LGS wavefront sensor data to derive the amount of differential focus caused by horizontal sodium layer struc...